Retaining-wall.



M. M. UPSON. RBTAI'NING WALL. APPLICATION HLED Nov Patented Dec. 1,1908.

' 30 and alinement.

UNITED STATE-s.

PATENToFFicn y MAXWELL M. UPSON, OF NEW YORK, N. l COMPANY,'OF"CHICAGO,ILLINOIS,

Y., ASSIGNOR TO RAYMOND CONCRETE PILE A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

R'rArNING-WALL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1908.

. Application med November ao, 1907. sei-iai No. 494,549.

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRetaining- Walls, of which the following is a specification." Y Myinvention relates to retaining walls p and the like which are used fordock pur poses, railroad embankments andthe like,` here fluid, 4soils ordeposits of any character ,are to be held in a vertical plane, andtheobject thereof is to provide anovel'and ei- 15 cient construction ofwall of lthis character.

According to the present embodiment of my invention, my retaining wallconsists "of av vertical wall'of concrete which is reinforced and isvattached and rigidly supported 2o by a series of wing walls extending.at right angles thereto, the retaining part ofjthe wall as well as thewings resting upon piles and connected therewith. As a resultof theemplo ment "of a retaining wall lof this character am enabled to providean .efficient retaining Wall at a considerably decreased cost ascompared with that of the ordinary so-called gravity retaining wall, aswell as a wall which will maintain its proper position' In .theaccompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of myretainingwall takenon the line'l-l of Fig. 2, showing -a portion of one of thewing Walls and its sup- `porting pile in section and Fig.`2 a plan view'of my retaining Wall. I

As shown, the retaining -.wall roper marked A is formed of concrete or te like and is supported by a concrete pile A which 40,practically formsa part of the wall, such l pile being formed suitablemanner. Theretaining wall is preferably strengthened or reinforced by aseries 4ofhorizontal metal bars a and also by a series of. vertical bars a whichalso, by preference,` extend into the concrete pile. The :retaining wallisprovided with'a'series of wing walls B vextending llaterally at rightangles lthereto and spacedsuitable distances v apart. By preference eachof ,these wing walls is triangular, as clearly illustrated in Fig. .1,and each is moreover supported by and anchored at its outer end to apile C ypreferably of concrete.- lt/Ioreover by prefer- -5 5 ence eachwing Wall is reinforced by means or sunk into the soil in anystrengthening barst which not only are anchored to the retaining Wallbut also to the wing walls and the retaining walls are rigidly held'together and with; the further foundation toinsure a vertical alinementof the wall, but also affords av resistance to the vertical pull whichthe horizontal thrust against the retaining .wall exerts. As shown inFig'. 1, and by preference, a series of these strengthening bars b'areemployed, the same being reversely bent at their up ositionedVbetweenthe series o strengthenvlng or reinforcing bars ai a oftheretaining wall.. The other ends of these reinforcing bars b extend intothepile AC for a certain distance and are secured to a series ofreinforcing' bars c extending vertically in the pile C. I

"A retaining'wall constructed according to my invention embodiesnumerous advantages over the ordinary gravity retaining Wall in thatthecost is considerably decreased, and a lbetter retaining -wall produced.Moreoverfootings of-large area, which are comy taining wall is formedwhich cannot settle or .of the wing Walls and their fixed foundations orsupports takes care dati'ons or concrete piles taking care both of thelifting component of the wing walls and the setthng com onent thereof.Furthermore,.by means o the reinforcement through Vthe piles of theretaining Wall, a stiffening earth exerted against the piles-beneath theground; 4It willbe understood thatJ instead of concrete piles woodenpiles may be employed,- but-it is preferred to use concrete pilesinasmuch as this construction is entirely independent of vwater levels,whereas` wooden piles must be used below the Water line to insurepermanency. y I p As shown in the ldrawing -the top of the concretewalls at the end of -the buttresses or wing walls is. provided with capsin order to form a table to catch the weight ofthe earth that maybeabove and in that Way assist the cal reaction.

The retaining wall illustrated inthe drawr ends andbe'forced out ofaline'ment,'for the provision friction ofthe pile in taking care of thevertithe supportingpiles C, 'with the result that resultthat said pile Cnot only forms a fixed monly requ1red, are dispensed with and a reof thehorizontal thrust against the retaining wallfsuch foun` Y.

action is obtained,l due to the pressure of the.

ing is of the type intended to hold the earth on one side without therebeing any pressure on the other side except air pressure.v -In Fig. 1 Iso indicate these facts by using the wordsearth" and fair vres ectively.However, while as stated 'the retaining may be employed to hold back theearth which is located on the buttress side of the Wall, yet such wallmay be 'employed to hold back water onthe smooth side of the wall.

`1. A retaining wall comv rising a vertical wall, wing walls connected)`therewith, and piles to which the wing walls are secured and whichprovide for the lifting component of the wing walls aswell as thesettling component. f Z

2. A retaining wall comprising a vertical wall, wing walls connectedtherewith, piles by which the wing walls are supported, and by whichboth upward and downward action is resisted, andreinforcing bars in suchwing .walls and anchored at their endsto the vertical wall and the pilesrespectively. 3. A retaining wall comprising a vertical wall, a seriesoitriangular Wing walls connected therewith, an iles to which the wingwalls are connecte Hat their outer ends and which resist both upward anddownward ra-action.

4. Al retaininfg wall comprising a vertical wall, a series o nectedtherewith,

wall

Vand

triangular wing walls coniles to which the Wing walls are connecte attheir outer ends, an reinforcing'bars in said wing Walls and anchored attheir ends to the vertical wall the piles respectively.

5. A retalning 'Wall comprisin a vertical wall, and a series of piles-onWhic such wall is sup orted and to which it is connected, said 1 esbeing located at intervals alon the width) of the wall and dispensingwith ootings and the like.

6. lA retainingA wall comprising a concrete vertical wall, and a seriesof concrete' piles supporting such walland forming a part of the wall. v

7. A retaining Wall comprising a vertical wall, a series of pilessupporting such wall,

and forming part thereof, and reinforcing bars extending through vtliewall and 'the piles.

8. A- retaining v4wall comprising a vertical wall, a series of pilessupporting such wall, forming part thereof, a series of--wing wallsconnected with the vertical wall, and a series of piles connected withth'e outer ends of such wlng walls for supporting and holding the latterwalls.

MAXWELL'M. UrsoN. -Witnesses:

H. R. MOYER,

CLARENCE S. HOWELL.

